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Hey guys, it's Kamri. Our school just got some 3D printers and Nat Geo let me borrow one to figure out how they work.
大家好，我是卡姆里。我们学校刚购入了一些3D打印机，Nat Geo让我借了一台，研究下它们是怎么工作的。
But to be honest, I've just been using it to print tiny cats. It's like a tiny printed cat army. Cute, but no idea how idea how I made them.
但说实话，我只是用它来打印小猫的。这就像一个小小打印猫军团。很可爱，但不知道我怎么做的。
These printers look super complicated. You know what? I'll just print an expert to help me out.
这些打印机看起来超级复杂。你猜怎么着？我找了个专家来帮我。
Hey Kamri. I'm Cody Goldhahn, mechanical engineer and Nat Geo expert.
嘿，卡姆里。我是科迪·高德哈恩，一名机械工程师、Nat Geo的专家。
Wow, that thing really works!
哇，那东西真的好用！
What?
什么？
Uh. Nothing. So, Cody, can you tell me how a 3D printer shapes things so perfectly? Is it like a robot sculptor?
呃。没什么。科迪，你能告诉我3D打印机是如何把东西塑造得如此完美吗？它就像是一个机器人雕塑家吗？
Not exactly. A person who sculpts stone removes chunks of the stone until it is in the desired shape. That's called a subtractive process.
不完全是。雕刻石头的人会把大块的石头拿掉，直到它变成想要的形状。这叫做减成法。
A 3D printer does the reverse, it's called an additive process.
3D打印机做的是相反的事情，它被称为加成法。
This means that the printer starts with nothing and then adds just enough material to make the same shape as a sculptor.
这意味着打印机从零开始，然后添加足够的材料来制作与雕塑家雕出的一致的形状。
It wastes less material than traditional manufacturing.
相比传统制造业，这样会浪费更少的材料。
It looks like it's icing a cake.
它看起来就像蛋糕上的糖霜。
Yup. It's just like a whole bunch of icing layers on a cake.
是的。这就像蛋糕上的糖霜。
A really hot extruder nozzle squeezes out liquid plastic layer by layer right where the computer program tells it to.
一个非常热的挤出机喷嘴，会把液体塑料一层一层地挤在计算机程序告诉它的位置。
Once the layer is done the extruder raises up just enough for that next layer to get squeezed out on top.
一旦这一层完成，挤出机就会抬高，让后面一层塑料在顶部被挤出。
Can a 3D printer print with other stuff?
3D打印机能用其他材料打印吗？
Oh yeah! You can print with plastic, ceramics, glass, metal. Some scientists have even found a way to print with biological tissue.
噢，可以的！你可以打印塑料，陶瓷，玻璃，金属。一些科学家甚至找到了一种用生物组织进行打印的方法。
Wow, kinda like how I printed you.
哇，有点像我印你的样子。
What?
什么？
Uh, nothing.
哦，没什么。
The possibilities of 3D printers are endless. There's many different shapes and sizes of 3D printers. They can print houses, dental implants, complex bridges, even pizza!
3D打印机的可能性是无限的。有许多不同形状和大小的3D打印机。它们可以打印房屋、牙科植入物、复杂的桥梁，甚至是披萨！
Printable pizza! That's so cool! So, how does the printer know how to print the exact shape of my cat toy?
可打印的披萨！太酷了！那么，关于如何打印出我的猫玩具的确切形状，打印机是如何知道的呢？
Think about you and your computer as the toy designer.
把你和你的电脑想象成玩具设计师。
You draw the blueprint of anything you can imagine with your computer, creating a digital model.
你可以用你的电脑绘制任何你能想象到的蓝图，创建一个数字模型。
The computer then looks at your digital model and slices it up into layers, just like the icing on the cake.
然后，电脑看着你的数字模型，把它切成几层，就像蛋糕上的糖霜一样。
Once it knows right where to put the icing, it tells the printer to squeeze out on that exact spot until the whole model is built just like your blueprints.
一旦它知道在哪里放糖霜，它就会告诉打印机在那个位置挤出糖霜，直到整个模型像你的蓝图一样建成。
Wow, thanks so much for your help, Cody, you truly are one of a kind.
哇，非常感谢你的帮助，科迪，你真是独一无二啊。
Hi Kamri. I'm Cody Goldhahn, Mechanical Engineer. How can I help you?
嘿，卡姆里。我是科迪·高德哈恩，一名机械工程师。我能为你做些什么？
Uh, I didn't know you had a twin?
呃，我都不知道你是双胞胎？
