手机APP下载

您现在的位置: 首页 > 英语听力 > 精选播客 > How Money Works > 正文

第24期 美国老人陷入退休困境(下)

编辑:Alisa   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet

The topic of what to do with aging populations in countries across the world is something that is keeping a lot of policy makers up at night.

如何应对世界各国人口老龄化的问题,让很多政策制定者夜不能寐。

People are living longer and having fewer children, which means more pressure is going to be put on a smaller group of young people or elderly people are going to have to make do with less.

人们的寿命越来越长,孩子越来越少,这意味着更小的年轻人群体将承受更大的压力,或者老年人将不得不勉强维持生计。

Of course, a lot of baby boomers are independently very wealthy as they have enjoyed a high level of job security an incredible asset price appreciation over their working careers.

当然,很多婴儿潮一代本身就非常富有,因为他们在工作期间享受了高水平的工作保障和令人难以置信的资产价格升值。

A typical white-haired couple driving a gold buggy around a gated Floridian retirement village might be the first thing when you think of boomer retirees. But these people are far from the average.

当你想到婴儿潮一代的退休人员时,你首先想到的可能是一对白发夫妇开着一辆金色马车在佛罗里达州的封闭式退休村里转悠。但这些人远非平均水平。

People of retirement age own more than half of the wealth of the country, but that wealth is spread even more unevenly than it is over the general population.

退休年龄的人拥有全国一半以上的财富,但这些财富的分配比普通人群更加不均衡。

There are some extremely wealthy baby boomers, a small group of boomers who will be able to comfortably fund a nice retirement and millions who are fighting for what little is left.

有一些极其富有的婴儿潮一代,一小部分婴儿潮一代将能够为美好舒适的退休生活提供资金,还有数百万人在为剩下的一点点钱而奋斗。

The question is really about what happens when this group just can't work anymore.

问题在于,当这个群体无法再工作时会发生什么。

A study by the Stanford Center on Longevity found that even though baby boomers are the wealthiest generation in history as a whole, they are still facing tougher retirement conditions on an individual basis than their parents dead.

斯坦福长寿研究中心的一项研究发现,尽管婴儿潮一代是历史上最富有的一代,但他们个人面临的退休条件仍然比他们父母去世时更严峻。

Some countries are pushing back retirement ages to squeeze a few more years of work out of people, before they can receive a government pension or access their advantage retirement savings accounts.

一些国家正在推迟退休年龄,让人们再工作几年,然后才能领取政府养老金或使用退休储蓄账户。

Statistically, most of you watching this video are either at the peak of your career or are only just starting, which is why we have covered the problems you are likely to face if you don't already have a solid plan to retire.

从统计数据来看,大多数人要么正处于职业生涯的巅峰,要么才刚刚起步,这就是为什么我们介绍了如果你还没有一个可靠的退休计划,你可能会面临的问题。

But even if pushing back retirement benefits is a necessary evil, it's going to be a hard sell. Retiring baby boomers are a large group and they vote.

但即使推迟退休福利是必要的负面举措,也很难让人接受。退休的婴儿潮一代是一个庞大的群体,他们会投票。

The very mention of them needing to work a few more years is borderline political suicide.

仅仅提到他们需要再工作几年,就近乎政治自杀。

Most plans here in America Center around pushing back retirement for young people who aren't close enough to retirement yet to care.

在美国,大多数计划都围绕着推迟那些还不够接近退休年龄的年轻人的退休时间。

Whatever the plan is, it's not being helped by the millions of people who are dropping out of the workforce. So the compromise is that the payments are stretched thinner.

无论计划是什么,数百万人退出劳动力市场都无济于事。因此,妥协的结果是支付额度缩减。

According to Census Bureau data, poverty rates amongst people over 65 has been on the rise

根据人口普查局的数据,65岁以上人群的贫困率一直在上升,

as government programs haven't been able to keep up with general inflation and certainly haven't kept up with the spiraling costs for age healthcare and senior living.

因为政府计划无法跟上总体通货膨胀的步伐,当然也无法跟上老年人医疗保健和老年生活成本的不断上升。

If people do re-enter the workforce, it's normally into low wage jobs that only help support other payments.

如果人们重新进入劳动力市场,通常也会从事低薪工作,这些工作只能帮助支付其他费用。

A study conducted by the American Society of Aging found that a fifth of older workers were making less than $15 an hour.

美国老龄化协会进行的一项研究发现,五分之一的老年员工每小时收入不到15美元。

And that included people between 55 and 65 who should be at the penultimate years of their career.

其中包括55至65岁之间的人,他们本应处于职业生涯的倒数第二年。

The authors of this study also pointed out that a lot of this low-wage work is intense routine and almost always highly monitored in situations where a person controls neither the pace nor content of their work.

这项研究的作者还指出,许多低薪工作都是紧张的例行工作,而且几乎总是受到严格监控,在这种情况下,人们既无法控制工作节奏,也无法控制工作内容。

Now you probably don't need an Institutional study to tell you that minimum wage jobs are hard, but they are even harder on old people with deteriorating health, which means it could be hard for them to keep this work even if they really need it.

现在,你可能不需要机构研究就能知道最低工资的工作很难,但对于健康状况恶化的老年人来说,工作就更难了,这意味着即使他们真的需要这份工作,他们也很难继续工作。

When this happens, the last line of support becomes relying on their adult children for care.

当这种情况发生时,最后的支持就是依靠成年子女来照顾他们。

Now the idea of your parents moving back in with you might be terrifying enough, but the burden of being a caregiver to elderly parents is disproportionately falling on lower income households.

现在,你的父母搬回来和你住在一起的想法可能已经够可怕了,但照顾年迈父母的负担却不成比例地落在低收入家庭身上。

Lower income households are less likely to be able to save adequately for retirement and are more likely to have children that are also lwo income.

低收入家庭不太可能有足够的退休储蓄,而且更有可能有低收入的孩子。

When those parents start requiring care from their children, it can impact relationships, career growth or even how many hours the adult child can put into their work.

当这些父母开始需要孩子的照顾时,这可能会影响他们的关系、职业发展,甚至成年子女在工作上投入的时间。

Additionally, a dependent parent might be a direct financial burden if their assistance payments don't cover their expenses.

此外,如果父母的援助金不能支付他们的费用,他们可能会成为直接的经济负担。

This means the children are going to be less likely to save for their own retirement, creating a vicious intergenerational cycle.

这意味着孩子们不太可能为自己的退休储蓄,从而形成恶性的代际循环。

So what was supposed to be a feel-good story about millions of people leaving behind the 9 to 5 has turned into a lecture about the grim financial landscape that millions of people are forced to contend with?

原本应该是一个关于数百万人放弃朝九晚五工作模式的励志故事,却变成了一场关于数百万人被迫面对严峻财务形势的讲座?

Welcome to this channel. By now, you should know what you have signed up for. But what can be done about this?

欢迎来到本频道。现在,您应该知道您已经注意到了什么。但是我们能做些什么呢?

As a society, not much unfortunately, a lot of incredibly smart people are tackling the problem of aging populations and the solution so far have been to get people to work longer and live on less.

不幸的是,作为一个社会,没有多少人能解决这个问题,许多非常聪明的人正在解决人口老龄化问题,到目前为止,解决办法是让人们工作更长时间,生活更节俭。

Individually though, you need to assume that there is not going to be anything there to support you when you are too old to work.

但就个人而言,您需要假设,当您太老而无法工作时,将没有任何支持您的东西。

Pensions are already strained and if you have a few decades left in the workforce, there really is no guarantee it will exist at all for you.

养老金已经捉襟见肘,如果你还能在职场上干上几十年,那真的无法保证你还能有养老金。

And if it does, it's probably only going to be enough to cover the bare necessities if that.

就算有,也只能满足基本生活必需品。

So try to set something as said in a 401(k) or whatever the equivalent is in your respective countries.

因此,请尝试在401(k)养老金计划或你所在国家/地区的其他类似计划中设定一些条件。

It's basic stuff, but when so many people cannot or will not do the basics, it could put you a long way ahead. Now this only applies to elderly retirees.

这是基本的东西,但是当这么多人不能或不愿意满足基本需求时,它可能会为你带来很大的帮助。现在这只适用于老年退休人员。

This problem is being made much worse by the millions of people leaving the workforce decades before they would normally retire.

数百万人在正常退休年龄之前几十年就离开了职场,让这个问题变得更加严峻。

Go and watch my video on why millions of men are simply choosing not to work and how they are surviving without even any of the supports available to regular retirees.

去观看我的视频,了解为什么数百万男性选择不工作,以及他们如何在没有任何普通退休人员可获得的支持的情况下生存。

And don't forget if you want to get these videos a day early and stories that will never go up here on YouTube, subscribe to my email newsletter to keep on learning how money works.

不要忘记,如果你想提前一天获得这些视频和永远不会在YouTube上发布的新闻,请订阅我的电子邮件通讯,以继续了解金钱的运作方式。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
compromise ['kɔmprəmaiz]

想一想再看

n. 妥协,折衷,折衷案
vt. 妥协处理,危

联想记忆
routine [ru:'ti:n]

想一想再看

n. 例行公事,常规,无聊
adj. 常规的,

联想记忆
landscape ['lændskeip]

想一想再看

n. 风景,山水,风景画
v. 美化景观

 
pressure ['preʃə]

想一想再看

n. 压力,压强,压迫
v. 施压

联想记忆
contend [kən'tend]

想一想再看

vi. 奋斗,斗争,辩论
vt. 坚持认为,竞

联想记忆
population [.pɔpju'leiʃən]

想一想再看

n. 人口 ,(全体)居民,人数

联想记忆
haven ['heivn]

想一想再看

n. 港口,避难所,安息所 v. 安置 ... 于港中,

联想记忆
squeeze [skwi:z]

想一想再看

v. 压榨,挤压,塞进
n. 压榨,勒索,榨取

 
assume [ə'sju:m]

想一想再看

vt. 假定,设想,承担; (想当然的)认为

联想记忆
smart [smɑ:t]

想一想再看

adj. 聪明的,时髦的,漂亮的,敏捷的,轻快的,整洁的

 

发布评论我来说2句

    最新文章

    可可英语官方微信(微信号:ikekenet)

    每天向大家推送短小精悍的英语学习资料.

    添加方式1.扫描上方可可官方微信二维码。
    添加方式2.搜索微信号ikekenet添加即可。