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But having read Kevin Hall’s study, he wrote an article in May 2019 admitting: “I was wrong about ultra-processed food – it really is making you fat.”
但在阅读了凯文·霍尔的研究后，他于2019年5月写下一篇文章，承认: “我对超加工食品的看法有误——它真的会让你变胖。”
Warner said the study convinced him that “eating rate, texture and palatability” of UPFs lead to overeating, and ended with a call for more research.
华纳表示，这项研究让他相信，超加工食品的“进食速度、口感与味道”会导致暴饮暴食，最后呼吁要进行更多的研究。
Hall tells me that he is in the process of constructing another study on ultra-processed food and obesity.
霍尔告诉我，他正在进行另一项关于超加工食品与肥胖的研究。
This time, the people on the ultra-processed diet would also be eating larger amounts of unprocessed foods, such as crunchy vegetables with low energy density, while still getting more than 80% of their calories from ultra-processed food – equivalent to adding a side salad or a portion of broccoli to your dinner of frozen pizza.
这次研究，食用超加工食品的实验者也会进食大量的未加工食品，比如低能密度的鲜脆蔬菜，同时实验者仍要从超加工食品中获得超过80%的卡路里——相当于在冷冻披萨晚餐中添加一份配菜沙拉或一份西兰花。
This is much closer to how most families actually eat.
这更接近大多数家庭的实际饮食方式。
Even if scientists do succeed in pinning down the mechanism or mechanisms by which ultra-processed foods make us gain weight, it’s not clear what policy-makers should do about UPFs, except for giving people the support and resources they need to cook more fresh meals at home.
即使科学家们成功地确定了超加工食品让我们发胖的机制，但尚不清楚，政策制定者除了为人们提供所需的支持和资源，让人们能做更多新鲜的家常饭菜外，还应该对超加工食品做什么。
To follow the Brazilian advice entails a total rethink of the food system.
听从巴西人的建议就需要对食品体系进行全面反思。
For as long as we believed that single nutrients were the main cause of poor diets, industrial foods could be endlessly tweaked to fit with the theory of the day.
只要我们相信单一营养物是不良饮食的主要原因，那么，工业食品就可以为适应当今的理论做无休止地调整。
When fat was seen as the devil, the food industry gave us a panoply of low-fat products.
当脂肪被视为魔鬼时，食品工业为我们提供了全套低脂产品。
The result of the sugar taxes around the world has been a raft of new artificially sweetened drinks.
全球征收糖税导致大量新的人造糖饮料的出现。
But if you accept the argument that processing is itself part of the problem, all of this tweaking and reformulation becomes so much meaningless window-dressing.
但如果你接受加工本身就是问题的一部分的观点，那么，所有这些调整和重新配方就变成了毫无意义的粉饰。
An ultra-processed food can be reformulated in countless ways, but the one thing it can’t be transformed into is an unprocessed food.
超加工食品可以用无数种方法重新配制，但有一样东西无法改变，那就是未加工食品。
Hall remains hopeful that there may turn out to be some way to adjust the manufacture of ultra-processed foods to make them less harmful to health.
霍尔仍抱有希望，也许会有一些方法来调整超加工食品的生产，以减少它们对健康的危害。
A huge number of people on low incomes, he notes, are relying on these “relatively inexpensive tasty things” for daily sustenance.
他指出，大量低收入人群依靠这些“相对便宜的美味食物”来维持日常生活。
But he is keenly aware that the problems of nutrition cannot be cured by ever more sophisticated processing.
但他敏锐地意识到，营养问题无法通过更复杂的加工来解决。
“How do you take an Oreo and make it non-ultra-processed?” he asks. “You can’t!”
“你怎么才能把奥利奥做成非超加工食品呢？”他问道。“你不能!”
