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Hello, I’m Marina Santee. And I’m Ruby Jones. Welcome to Spotlight.
你好，我是玛丽娜·桑蒂。我是鲁比·琼斯。欢迎收听重点报道节目。
This programme uses a special English method of broadcasting.
本节目用慢速英语的方式播报新闻。
It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
以便让世界各地的人们更容易听懂。
‘I read of climate change in the newspapers.
‘我在报纸上读到了气候变化。
But I can feel its effects on myself and my crops.
但我能感觉到它对我自己和我的庄稼的影响。
The sun seems hotter.
太阳似乎更热了。
The temperature is higher.
温度更高了。
And the wind is drier.
风也更干燥了。
I hear about the greenhouse effect but I do not understand it.
我听说了温室效应，但我不知道这是什么。
But the results are less water in the Amazon, floods in parts of northeast Brazil and more whirlwinds.’
但它导致亚马逊地区的水量减少，巴西东北部部分地区发生洪水，旋风增加。’
Climate change is an issue that everyone seems to be talking about - not just farmers!
气候变化似乎是每个人都在谈论的问题--不仅仅是农民！
In fact, people now consider it a health concern!
事实上，人们现在认为它是一个健康问题！
World Health Day is on April the seventh every year.
世界卫生日是每年的4月7日。
For 2008, the central idea is ‘Climate Change.’
2008年的主题是“气候变化”。
In today’s Spotlight we tell how good farming methods can help feed people well and help protect the environment.
在今天的重点报道节目中，我们将讲述好的耕作方法是如何帮助人们更好地养活自己，并帮助保护环境的。
Francisco Geraldo Neto is a farmer in Caicara village, northeast Brazil.
弗朗西斯科·杰拉尔多·内托是巴西东北部卡卡拉村的一名农民。
He and his family grow fruit trees, vegetables, cereal and traditional plants.
他和他的家人种植果树、蔬菜、谷物和传统植物。
In the beginning, it was difficult.
一开始很困难。
Slash and burn methods had damaged their soils.
砍伐和焚烧方法破坏了他们的土壤。
Farmers have been using the slash and burn method for centuries.
几个世纪以来，农民一直在使用刀耕火种的耕作方法。
They use it to clear forests or woods.
他们用这种方法来清理森林或树林。
It involves cutting, or slashing, down the trees.
这种方法需要砍倒或劈倒树木。
Farmers then burn the remains.
然后，农民们会焚烧遗骸。
They use the ash to enrich the soil.
他们用灰烬来肥沃土壤。
And they use the clear land for their farms.
然后把空旷的土地用作自己的农场。
But after a few years the soil becomes poorer.
但几年后，土壤变得更贫瘠了。
Crops decrease, and unwanted plants increase.
庄稼减少了，不需要的植物增加了。
When this happens, farmers leave the fields to recover.
当这种情况发生时，农民会让田地自我恢复。
These ‘fallow fields’ may take many years to recover naturally.
这些“休耕地”可能需要很多年才能自然恢复。
During that time, the farmers move to new lands.
在这期间，农民会搬到新的土地上。
They begin the slash and burn process again.
他们又会开始砍伐和焚烧。
In the long term, slashing and burning uses more land and it can damage the soil.
从长远来看，砍伐和焚烧会占用更多的土地，而且会破坏土壤。
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