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Hi again. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is hopefully very useful to all of you.
欢迎回到英格威英语学习网。我是亚当。希望今天的课程对大家都有用。
We're going to look at Internet vocabulary, how to survive in cyberspace.
我们今天来学习互谅网词汇，如何在网络空间生存。
Just in case you don't know, "cyberspace" is the Internet, the Internet world where everything happens.
以防你不知道，信息空间指的就是互联网，一切皆有可能的互联网世界。
These are some very common words you'll see today. Where'll you see them? Everywhere.
有一些是非常常见的词汇。你会在哪里看到它们？各个地方。
You'll see them in news reports, articles about entertainment, sports, finance, business -- everywhere.
你会在关于娱乐、体育、金融、商业的新闻报道、文章中看到它们——无处不在。
Because the Internet is everywhere, okay? Cyberspace -- huge. So let's start. "Viral", okay? This is an adjective.
因为互联网无处不在，对吧？网络空间巨大。让我们开始吧。“病毒”,好吗？这是一个形容词。
When something "goes viral" -- "to go viral".
当有个东西疯狂传播，像病毒般扩散。
When something "goes viral", it means it spreads very quickly.
当某个东西疯狂传播，意思就是它传播的非常快。
So for example, I think all of you probably by now have seen Miley Cyrus shake her thing, as it were.
比如，我想你们现在可能都看过麦莉·赛勒斯摇摆的视频。
That video of her shaking herself went viral. It became a huge hit.
麦粒摇摆的视频在网上疯传，获得了巨大的成功。
Thousands, millions of people saw it all over the world. I think another example is PSY.
全世界成千上万的人看到了它。另一个例子是鸟叔。
You know the "Gangnam Style" thing? I'm not going to do it for you; don't worry.
你知道江南Style吗？别担心，我是不会跳那个舞的。
But he went viral as soon as his video came up. Keep in mind it goes with this verb.
视频出来后，他马上就爆红了。记住它和这个动词连用。
"It went viral." "It will go viral." Many books about how to create a viral video, for example.
“它疯狂传播。”“它会爆火的。”比如，有很多书都在讲如果制作一个疯狂传播的视频。
So it's usually images, videos, sometimes articles, depends on what topic it is.
它通常是图片，视频，有时是文章，取决于话题是什么。
I know that you know what "Google" is. Everybody knows Google. "Google" as a noun is the name of a company. It comes from a big number.
我知道大家知道谷歌是什么。大家都知道谷歌。谷歌作为名词是一家公司的名字。它来自一个很大的数字。
I'm not going to try to say it because it's too big for me to say, but basically, they got this name from mathematics, I guess.
我就不讲了，因为它太大了，我说不出来，但基本上，这个名字是从数学得来的，我想。
But do you know that it's also a verb? "To google", and in the past tense it's "I googled it." And what am I doing right now?
但你知道它也是动词吗？“To google”，过去时态是“I googled it”。我现在在做什么？
"I am googling." Now, some people will write with the "e"; most people will write without the "e".
“我在搜索。”有些人会写上“e”；大多数人不写“e”。
I don't really think it matters all that much. People will understand what you're saying. "To google" basically means "to search".
我真的不认为这很重要。人们会明白你在说什么。“To google”的意思是“搜索”。
This brand name, the brand name of the company, has become so popular that it is used for any search thing you do on the Internet.
这个品牌名称，公司的品牌名称，已经变得如此流行，它被用于你在互联网上做的任何搜索。
If you're using Yahoo!, you're not "yahooing". You're still "googling".
如果你使用Yahoo!，你不是在“yahooing”。你还是“googling”。
If you're using Bing or whatever other search engine, you're probably still "googling" because that's the word that's become common.
如果你使用Bing或其他搜索引擎，你可能还在“googling”，因为“google”这个词已经变得很常见了。
Completely unrelated: In Canada if you want a tissue to blow your nose, most likely you will ask for a Kleenex.
完全没有关系：在加拿大，如果你想要纸巾擤鼻涕，你很可能会要求面巾纸。
A "Kleenex" is a brand name; it's a company name. Same idea. Google is that huge. "To post" or "a post", again noun or verb.
“面巾纸”是一个品牌名称；这是公司的名字。同样的想法。谷歌有这么大。“发布”或“帖子”，同样是名词或动词。
A "post" is something that you put on the Internet, something you put on your Facebook page, something you put on your blog page, on your website.
“帖子”是你发在互联网上的东西，你发在Facebook页面上的东西，你发在博客页面上的东西，你在网站上发的东西。
"To post" means "to put up", to put up for the Internet to spread, hopefully go viral, get you a lot of views, which we will talk about in a second.
“To post”的意思是“发布”，在互联网上传播，希望能疯传，让你获得很多浏览量，这个我们一会儿会讲到。
Now, if you keep a blog, then you want to have good posts, and hopefully they will go viral or will come high on the Google search, okay?
现在，如果你有一个博客，那么你希望有好的文章，希望它们能疯传或者在谷歌搜索中排名靠前，对吧？
"Blog" is short for "web log". So "web log"; "blog". Now, what is a "log"? A "log" is like a journal or a diary.
“博客”是“网络日志”的缩写。所以“网络日志”；“博客”。那么，什么是“log”呢？“log”是一篇日志或日记。
So a "blog" is usually a personal website where people put whatever they want:
所以“博客”通常是一个个人网站，人们在上面发他们想发的东西：
comments or ideas or pictures or whatever or videos, in which case it's a vlog -- a "video log".
评论，想法，图片，视频，视频的话，它就是一个视频日志——“视频日志”。
And what you want... you're going to post your articles or your ideas, and you want people to come and see them.
你想要...你发布你的文章或观点，你想让人们来看它们。
You're sharing this with the world. A "tweet" comes from the company Twitter.
你和世界分享这个内容。推特来自推特公司。
A "tweet" is a short message, 140 characters or less, so letters, spaces, dashes, etc.
一条推特是一个短消息，140个字或更少，字母，空格，破折号等等。
It's something that you share with whoever you want, whoever follows you on Twitter.
你可以和任何你想要分享的人分享，任何在推特上关注你的人。
You tweet this. Sometimes people will "retweet": They will take your tweet, your message, and send it out to more people.
你发推特。有时人们会“转发”：他们会把你的推文、你的信息转发给更多人。
So hopefully, if many people see your tweet, maybe it will go viral and the whole world will see it. Maybe.
所以但愿，如果很多人看到你的推文，也许它会像病毒一样传播开来，整个世界都能看到。也许吧。
"Phishing"." Phishing" is a very interesting phenomenon, okay?
“网络钓鱼”。网络钓鱼是一个非常有趣的现象。
What people do is they send you an email, and they hope that you will respond and give them information: bank accounts, passwords, usernames, etc.
人们会给你发一封邮件，希望你能回复并提供信息：银行账户、密码、用户名等等。
So they send you a letter saying, "Oh, hi, you know. I'm your bank. There's a bit of a problem with your credit card.
所以他们寄给你一封信，说：“哦，你好，你知道。我是你的银行。你的信用卡有点问题。
Can you send me your credit card number and expiry date and the code on the back
你能把你的信用卡号码、有效期和背面的密码发给我吗，
just so I can make sure that it's actually not a problem?" Well, that's the problem.
这样我就能确定卡没有问题？”这就是问题所在。
Be very careful of phishing. It sounds like "fish" because they're sending you a bait, they're sending you a little worm and hope you swallow it.
要非常小心网络钓鱼。听起来像“鱼”，因为他们送你一个诱饵，送你一条小虫子，希望你吞下去。
Don't, okay? "Bits and bytes". Now, when I was a kid, "Bits and Bites" were a snack that you buy in a bag --
不要，好吗？“位与字节”。当我还是个孩子的时候，“位与字节”是一种装在袋子里买的零食，
all kinds of little pretzels and, like, corn chips, and all kinds of things.
各种各样的椒盐脆饼，玉米片，还有各种各样的东西。
Not this "bits and bytes". "Bit": One "bit" is a very small piece of information that is used in computer programming.
而不是这个“位与字节”。“比特”：一个“比特”是计算机编程中使用的非常小的信息片段。
"Bytes" are a collection of eight bits, eight bits.
“字节”是8个比特的集合，8个比特。
Now, then you have "kilobytes", which is basically a thousand bytes -- 1024 to be exact, but around a thousand. Kilo -- thousand.
还有“千字节”，它指的是一千个字节，确切来说是1024个，但是大约是1000个。kilo就是千。
"Megabytes" are a thousand kilobytes. "Gigabytes" -- "gigabytes" are a thousand megabytes.
“兆字节”是一千“千字节”。“千兆字节”——“千兆字节”是一千兆字节。
Then, of course, you have "terabytes", which are a thousand gigabytes -- lots of bytes.
然后，当然还有“兆兆字节”，它是一千“兆字节”-很多字节。
Lots of bits. Lots of information. A "meme": This in an interesting word. It's become very popular these days on the Internet.
很多字节。很多信息。“表情包”：这是一个有趣的词。它在当今的互联网上非常流行。
When someday sees a picture or a video or any sort of image and it becomes very, very popular,
某天出现一张图片或视频或任何图像，它变得非常非常受欢迎，
people start to take that image and put it in a different context, okay?
人们就开始把那张图片放到不同的背景中，
For example, maybe a few months ago there was a picture of a guy who was called "the most photogenic guy in the world".
比如，也许几个月前有一张照片，照片上的人被称为“世界上最上镜的人”。
A guy, you know, handsome guy, smiling, everybody thought, "Oh, what a great picture."
一个帅哥，他面带微笑，每个人都在想，“哦，多棒的照片啊。”
Suddenly you see his picture in every situation. You see big sumo wrestlers with the guy's face.
突然之间，你会看到他在每一种情况下的样子。你会看到换上他的脸的大块头相扑手。
He's one of the sumo wrestlers. You see somebody biking or running -- the guy's face.
他是相扑选手之一。你看到有人骑自行车或跑步——换上了那家伙的脸。
You see a wedding picture with the guy standing right there. So that is a "meme".
你看到一张结婚照，那个男的就站在那里。这就是“表情包”。
Basically, it's a copied image or an idea that spreads and is used in different contexts.
基本上，这是一个被复制的照片或观点，它到处传播，被用在不同的环境中。
"Domain": "Domain" is basically a website. The "URL" is the address. So for example: www.name.com.
域名：域名就是网址。“URL”就是网址。比如：www.name.com。
So this whole line that you put in the top bar of your Internet Explorer -- whatever, Mozilla Firefox -- this is the "URL".
你放在浏览器顶部栏的这一整行，比如，火狐浏览器，这就是网址。
That's the address, and this is the domain: engvid.com. "Views": "Views" means how many times your site or your video or your picture or your post has been looked at.
这就是地址，这就是域名：engvid.com。“浏览量”：浏览量指的是你的网站、视频、图片或帖子被浏览的次数。
So now, you have to think about "see", "watch", "look", and "view". You've got another word in the mix now.
所以，你得思考一下“see”，“watch”，“look”，“view”。现在这又多了一个词。
If you go to YouTube, most videos will have underneath: number of times -- number of views: how many people have seen this.
如果你登录油管的话，大多数视频下面会有浏览量：有多少人看过这个视频。
Next, we have "SPAM". "SPAM" is junk email, garbage email. People send you advertisements, or sometimes the SPAM is used for the phishing.
接下来还有“垃圾邮件”。它指的是垃圾邮件。人们给你发广告，有时垃圾邮件被用来网络钓鱼。
It's just garbage email that you don't really want to look at -- you want to avoid. Sometimes it has a virus.
它就是你不想看到的、你想避免的垃圾邮件。有时它里面有病毒。
A "virus" is bad information that will destroy your computer. "SPAM" comes from the meat, the brand name "SPAM", which is meat in a can.
病毒是会摧毁你电脑的不好的信息。“SPAM”这个词来自肉，一种叫“SPAM”的品牌，是一种装在罐头里面的肉。
Now, the problem is nobody actually knows what's in this meat, what is in the can. It's mystery meat.
问题是没有人真正知道肉里有什么，罐头里有什么。它是一种神秘的肉。
Just like this email is mystery email; you don't really want to touch it; you don't really want to ingest it in any way, shape, or form.
就像这封神秘的邮件；你不会真的想去碰它；你真的不想以任何方式、形式获取它。
And, of course, we have "cookies". Not like "Mmm, cookies!" Not that kind of cookie.
当然，还有“信息记录程序”。不是“嗯，好吃的饼干！”不是这个意思。
"Cookies" are pieces of information that a website that you go to... You go to a website.
它指的是你登录一个网站的一些信息，
The server -- the company that has the website -- sends information to your computer. That information stays on your computer.
服务器，拥有这个网站的公司发信息给你的电脑。这个信息会留在你的电脑上。
Every time you go back and forth to this website, they see what you are doing, and they can customize the delivery of their website to you.
每次你回来登录这个网站，他们会知道你在做什么，他们就能个性化网站内容呈现给你。
So they know what you like, what other websites you've been to,
他们知道你上过什么网站，
so they know which advertisements to give you, they know how to set up their website so that you like it.
他们知道给你看什么广告，他们知道如何设置网站，你才会喜欢。
You can erase cookies, and every once in a while you should erase cookies and clean your computer. Okay.
你可以删除cookies，每隔一段时间，你应该删除cookies和清洁你的电脑。好吧。
Hopefully this is all very helpful to you in protecting yourself and using the Internet and understanding things you're reading about in the Internet.
希望这对你保护自己，使用互联网和理解你在互联网上读到的东西很有帮助。
You can also make sure, if you want to make sure how to use these words, go to www.engvid.com.
你也可以确保，如果你想确保如何使用这些词汇，请登录英格威学习网。
There is a quiz there that you can practice these words. And, of course, go to YouTube.
那里有一个小测，你可以练习使用这些单词。当然还有登录油管网。
See how many views this lesson has gotten on YouTube, and come see us again. Bye.
看看这个视频在油管上已经有多少浏览量了，还有回来看我们。再见。
