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Hey there and welcome to Life Noggin. Sleep.
欢迎来到大脑洞开的生命奇想。睡觉。
For something so critical to life as we know it, sleep isn’t always the easiest thing to get.
我们都知道，睡觉对生命来说是很重要的事情，但是睡觉并不总是那么简单。
It’s not like you can go in the kitchen and pour yourself a big bowl of Sleepy-Os to end off your day right.
并不是说你可以去厨房，喝上一大杯睡意药丸就可以结束你的一天。
I mean, I can always listen to Triangle Bob talk about his rock collection whenever i need to get some shut eye,
我是说，每当我想闭眼休息时，我都可以去听三角鲍勃讲他的岩石收藏。
but not everyone has their own Triangle Bob lying around.
但不是每个人身边都有他们自己的三角鲍勃。
Sleep isn’t really on-demand. It’s no wonder that a fourth of all Americans experience acute insomnia every year, according to a 2018 study.
睡眠不是随时随地都能做到的事情。难怪2018年的一项研究表明，有四分之一的美国人每年都经历过急性失眠。
With sleep suggested to affect everything from brain and heart function to insulin sensitivity and disease immunity, not getting some quality Zs is no small thing.
睡眠会影响大脑、心脏功能、胰岛素敏感性和疾病免疫力等方方面面，不能睡个好觉可不是小事。
But, on the other side of the sheep-counting spectrum, there are some people that can’t help but fall asleep anywhere, and at any time.
在数羊助睡的人之外，有些人在任何时间、任何地方都忍不住会睡着。
You guys have been asking for this video for a while and of course i'm taking about Narcolepsy.
大家伙一直都想让我做这期视频，今天我们就来讲讲嗜睡症。
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that causes a person to have sudden attacks of sleep,
嗜睡症是一种慢性神经紊乱，会使人突然睡着，
affecting their brain’s ability to control the body’s sleep-wake cycles.
这会影响它们大脑的控制身体觉醒周期的能力。
It’s estimated that anywhere from 135,000 to 200,000 people in the United States alone have this condition, making it more common than you might think.
据估计，仅在美国就有13.5万到20万人患有这种疾病，它比你想象的要普遍得多。
The intense drowsiness that a person can experience with narcolepsy may come on suddenly,
嗜睡症患者可能会突然感到困倦，
causing people to unwillingly fall asleep even if they are in the middle of doing something.
导致他们非自愿地睡着，即使他们正在做什么事情。
It can happen while they are talking, eating, walking, or even driving a car.
这种情况可能发生在他们说话、吃饭、走路甚至开车的时候。
Suffice to say that it can be pretty dangerous in certain scenarios.
不必多言，在某些情况下，它是相当危险的。
What’s interesting is that a person with narcolepsy may experience certain amounts of automatic behavior during an episode.
有趣的是，患嗜睡症的人在一次发作中可能会出现一定数量的自动行为。
If, for example, you were writing a letter to your best friend and you fell asleep, you might continue to keep on writing while you’re out.
例如，如果你在给你最好的朋友写信时睡着了，你可能会在睡眠中继续写下去。
Similar to someone who sleepwalks or talks in their sleep,
类似于那些梦游或说梦话的人，
there’s a good chance that you won’t remember what you did after you wake up… that is until you look back down at your letter.
醒来后，你很有可能不记得自己做了什么，直到你低头看信。
Probably best to give it a good once over before putting that one in the mail. Apart from these sudden sleep attacks,
也许最好是在把信投进邮件之前再好好检查一次。
other possible symptoms of narcolepsy include hallucinations, changes in REM sleep, and even a sudden loss of muscle tone, known as cataplexy.
嗜睡症其他的症状包括，幻觉，快速眼动睡眠改变，肌肉突然失去张力，即猝倒。
Cataplexy can lead to weakness and cause a person to lose their ability to control their muscles.
猝倒症可使人虚弱，使人失去他们控制肌肉的能力。
It’s usually brought on by sudden and intense emotions like excitement, fear, anger, or stress.
它通常是由突然和强烈的情绪带来的，比如激动，恐惧，愤怒或紧张。
Whether a person has cataplexy associated with their narcolepsy or not is the main determinant of the type of narcolepsy that they have.
有没有猝倒症是决定他们患嗜睡症的类型的主要因素。
There are two main types of narcolepsy: Type 1, which was previously termed narcolepsy with cataplexy,
现在主要有两种嗜睡症：1型嗜睡症，它之前被称为嗜睡猝倒症，
and Type 2, previously called narcolepsy without cataplexy.
还有2型嗜睡症，它之前被称为无猝倒嗜睡症。
Type 1 is usually based on having low levels of hypocretin, a brain hormone that regulates sleep, or a person reporting cataplexy.
1型嗜睡症患者通常下丘脑分泌素(一种调节睡眠的脑激素)水平低，或患有猝倒症。
People with Type 2 usually don’t experience the sudden loss of muscle tone, and they also generally have normal levels of hypocretin.
2型嗜睡症患者通常不会出现突然的肌张力减少，他们也有正常水平的下丘脑分泌素。
While there’s no cure for narcolepsy, medications and lifestyle changes can help a person manage their symptoms.
虽然现在没有治疗嗜睡症的方法，但药物治疗和生活方式的改变可以帮助患者控制症状。
Central nervous system stimulants and antidepressants can help out on the medicinal side,
中枢神经系统兴奋剂和抗抑郁药可以帮助治疗，
while daily exercise, taking short naps, and avoiding smoking have shown to have some levels of success in certain individuals.
而日常锻炼、小睡和避免吸烟在某些人身上显示出了一定程度的效果。
Currently, research is being done on the genetic and environmental factors that may cause narcolepsy,
现在，有关可能导致嗜睡症的基因和环境因素的研究，
as well as on how abnormalities in the immune system may play a role in the development of narcolepsy.
还有免疫系统异常对嗜睡症的发展的影响的研究都正在进行。
If you do have narcolepsy and you're comfortable with sharing your story, let me know in the comment section below.
如果你有嗜睡症，而且你愿意分享你的故事的话，请在下面的评论区告诉我。
Curious to know what would happen if you never changed your bed sheets?
想知道从不换床单会发生什么吗？
Check out this video! You know how you love your bed? Well a lot of other things love it too.
看看这个视频吧！你很爱你的床？很多其他的东西也爱它，
Including fungi, bacteria, dirt, pollen, harsh chemicals, and even dust mites.
包括真菌，细菌，灰尘，花粉，有害化学物质，甚至是尘螨。
As always, my name is Blocko, this has been life noggin, don’t forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想，思考不要停！
