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All of my sound videos have photos of the mouth with the parts of the mouth drawn in,
我所有的发音教学视频里都有关于口腔部位的照片，
so I want to take a quick minute to talk about those parts of the mouth,
所以我想花点时间来谈谈口腔的生理构造，
most of them are obvious tongue, teeth, throat, but I want to talk a little bit about the hard and soft palate,
显而易见的是，大多数都是关于舌头，牙齿和喉咙，但我想谈谈硬腭和软腭，
the hard and soft palate are what make up the roof of the mouth,
硬腭和软腭构成了口腔的顶部，
so if you take your tongue and slide it along at the top of your mouth,
所以如果你用你的舌头沿着你的口腔顶部滑动，
you can feel the hard palate and when you get way for the back,
你能感觉到硬腭，当你的舌头靠近硬腭后面的时候，
the soft palate, so the soft palate is very far behind there and it feels soft compared to what comes before it,
你会触碰到软腭，所以软腭在口腔顶部往后一点的位置，和前面的硬腭相比会感觉很软，
now the soft palate is raised in all sounds of English except for three consonant sounds,
现在除了三个辅音外，所有的英语发音需要抬高软腭，
the N the M and the ng this is probably not something that you need to think about or worry about too much.
那三个辅音就是N，M和ng，这可能不是你需要考虑或担心太多的事情。
I do want to tell you about it because it appears in all the photos,
我真的想告诉你，因为它在所有的照片里都出现过，
but it's quite natural to raise the soft palate,
但是抬高软腭是很自然而然的事情，
the thing that I will say about it is if someone is telling you that your sounds
我要说的是如果有人告诉你你的发音
sound too much in your nose or too nasal,
听起来大部分从鼻子发出或者鼻音太重，
that probably means that your soft palate is lowered when it should be raised,
这可能意味着你的软腭在应该抬高的时候降低了，
the soft palate raises naturally when you yawn so that is one way to think about
当你打哈欠的时候，软腭会自然地抬高，所以这是一种思考
how to raise, what it feels like back there to raise the soft palate,
如何抬高软腭的一种方式，以及在那里抬高软腭的感觉是怎样的，
now I will step through all the parts of the mouth as they are not identified in every sound video,
现在我将逐步讲解口腔的所有部位，因为这些部位在每个发音教学视频中都没有被鉴别出来，
these represent the front teeth in the mouth both top and bottom,
这些代表口腔顶部和底部的门牙，
and here the rest of the top teeth, this is the hard palate,
剩下的上颚牙齿，这是硬腭，
the soft palate raised here because this is the AH as in father vowel,
在发“father”中的元音AH时，软腭需要抬高，
the throat and the tongue, so this is the anatomy of the mouth as I draw them in in the sound videos,
喉咙和舌头，这是口腔的解剖结构，就跟我在发音教学视频中画的那样，
and of course in each sound, things like the soft palate and the tongue will be in different positions.
当然，在每一种发音中，像软腭和舌头这样的部位会处于不同的位置。
