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Finally, memories can be strengthened by story.
最后，我们还可以用故事来加强我们的记忆。
Our brains pay much closer attention to information when it’s in the form of a narrative.
我们的大脑对以故事的形式呈现出来的信息的注意力（要比对直接呈现出来的信息的注意力）集中得多。
In one study, 24 people were asked to memorize 12 lists of 10 words.
在一项研究中，研究人员让24名受试者记住12列单词，每列10个。
Half the people studied and rehearsed the lists - and they remembered - on average - 13% of the words.
一半的人以学习并背诵的方式记忆，他们平均只记住了13%的单词。
The other half wove the words into stories of their own invention … and they remembered 93%.
另一半的人则将单词编成了自己创作的故事，他们记住了93%的单词。
"The more that you can associate things you want to remember, with structures you already have in your mind,
“将想要记住的东西与你已经记住的东西关联得越多
the easier is going to be to remember, you know, you're creating a narrative."
记忆的效率就越高，因为，你创造了一个故事。”
"When we go to retrieve that memory, we have almost many multiple ways of getting into that memory."
“当我们再次去调取那份记忆时，我们是有很多种调取方法的。”
Story, place and emotion are the foundation of some of our strongest memories,
故事，地点和情感构成了我们记得最清楚的一些记忆的基础，
and those same features can be hijacked to help you, say, memorize 500 random digits.
这些元素也都是可以人为操控的，来帮助你，比方说，记住500个随机的数字。
"Yes let's do it."
“好吧，那我们就试试吧。”
Starting with the first three digits, she converts numbers into sounds using her own personal code.
从前三个数字开始，她就已经用她的个人代码将它们转换成声音了。
"So five is an S, three is an A and nine is a G because, just because of the shapes.
“5是‘s’，3是‘a’， 9是‘g’，因为它们的形状比较相像。
So then it's basically like you're reading something instead of looking at all these numbers.
如此一来，你就像是在阅读什么内容而不是在看这些数字了。
So 539 is SAG."
539就是‘SAG’。”
And the next triplet, 166, becomes TBB.
接下来的三个数字166就是“TBB”。
"And I think of the kind of Middle Eastern dish of tabbouleh."
“我想到了中东的一道菜，塔布勒沙拉。”
She pairs the two words to create a striking scenario.
她将这两个词组合在一起，创造了一个异常奇特的情境。
"This saggy half naked person is covered in like tabbouleh rice and because it's disgusting I remember it more.
一个皮肤松弛的半裸男身上粘慢了塔布勒沙拉米饭，因为这个画面很恶心，所以我就记得比较清楚。
Anything that has like visceral really very emotional things, your brain is like 'oh.'”
任何发自内心或非常情绪的东西，你的大脑都会有种‘啊’的感觉。”
She translates the rest of the digits in the same way.
剩下的数字她也是用这种方法记忆的。
"Gimli from Lord of the Rings -- he is running for office.
“《指环王》里的金雳在参加竞选，
Rami Malek buying boots.
拉米·马雷克在买靴子。
My spleen turns into the Louvre."
我的脾脏变成了卢浮宫。”
Next, Yanjaa harnesses the power of place with an ancient technique called “the memory palace”.
接下来，燕嘉借助“记忆宫殿”这种古老的记忆技巧吸取了地点的威力。
She imagines herself walking through a neighborhood she knows well,adding surreal imagery along the route.
她想象自己走过一个熟悉的街区，沿途添加各种超现实的图像。
"It helps in putting very random, abstract things in order when you attach it to something you already know.
“将非常随机且抽象的东西跟自己已知的东西联系在一起能够让这些东西变得井然有序。
So I come out of the High Street Metro, So a saggy skinned person is just covered in tabbouleh."
我从高街地铁站出来，一个皮肤松弛的人，全身沾满了塔布勒沙拉。”
And little further on...
再往前一点……
"In that tunnel - 478 that's a reef, and 468 that's ravioli. So it's a tunnel that's now a reef and full of ravioli.
“在那个隧道里，478是个珊瑚礁，468是意大利饺，这样一来，这个隧道就变成了一个有珊瑚还有好多好多意大利饺的隧道。
On the carousel, we’ll have like a big like alpaca llama, and it's like eating like this tube of like melted cheese."
旋转木马上有一个巨大的羊驼，它在吃像管子一样的融化了的芝士。”
That dull list of numbers became an epic travelogue full of surprising images that she could revisit later.
一串无聊的数字就这样变成了一篇精彩的旅行日志，充满了她稍后可以重温的神奇画面。
Memory athletes aren’t necessarily smarter than everyday people and they don’t have bigger brains.
参加记忆比赛的那些人不一定就比普通人聪明，他们的大脑也不一定就比其他人的大。
But they change the connections within their brains by training with techniques, like the memory palace.
但他们会通过“记忆宫殿”这类技巧训练，从而改变大脑内部的联系。
"We are more wired to remember that than to remember random sets of digits.
“比起记一串随机的数字，我们记这种东西更在行一些，
In general we're like emotional and visual learners. And storytellers."
总的来说，我们更像是情感型和视觉型学习者，也像讲故事的。”
Only a dozen people in the world have memorized more than 20,000 digits of pi.
世界上只有十几人记住了圆周率超过两万位的值。
But lots and lots of people have played Hamlet, and memorized all his（Olivier） lines...“Words words words”,
但演过哈姆雷特并记住了自己（奥利弗）的所有台词的人却很多很多…空话，空话，空话…
which contain nearly 50,000 letters.
…这些台词有将近五万个单词。
“Remember thee! Ay, thou poor ghost while memory holds a seat in this distracted globe”
记住你！唉，可怜的亡魂，只要记忆还能在这纷扰的寰球占据一席……”
But that’s not the full story.
然而，故事到这里并没有结束。
Some of the same things that strengthen our memories can also warp them.
有些东西既能加强我们的记忆，也能扭曲我们的记忆。
"Typically with emotional memories, we tend to remember the central aspects are our attention kind of zooms in on the core of that experience.
“典型的就是情感记忆，我们倾向于记住关键的东西，我们的注意力会集中在一段经历最关键的点上。
So we might forget some of the peripheral details, like, you know, perhaps what a perpetrator was wearing, but we'll remember the gun."
所以就可能忘记一些次要的细枝末节，比如我们可能会忘记凶犯穿什么衣服，但会记住那把枪。”
Emotional 9/11 memories are just as inaccurate as everyday memories...They both deteriorate at the same rate.
有关9/11的情感记忆和日常记忆一样不准确，二者退化的速度也差不多。
"What was different is that people were highly confident their memories for the 9/11 were correct."
“不同的是，大家都坚信，自己记住的9/11是正确无误的。”
Memories aren’t high fidelity recordings that we store away.
记忆并不是我们存储在大脑里的高保真录像。
They’re more like live performances,
它们更像是现场表演，
created with input from different parts of the brain in the present moment.
是大脑不同部位用它们输出的信息即时创造出来的现场表演。
"We can't remember every single detail of every experience.
“我们没有办法记住每一段经历的所有细枝末节，
And so we use pre-existing knowledge such as semantic memory or facts that we have..."
所以我们会用既有的知识，如语义记忆，或我们知道的事实……”
Or our pre-existing biases and beliefs..."To fill in those gaps."
或既有的偏见和信念……“来填补那些空白。”
