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Every travel pic that you see on your friends' Snapchat is of a plane wing,
你在朋友圈看到你朋友晒的旅行照基本都是机翼的照片对吧，
but what do you really know about those mechanical marvels?
但你对这些机械奇迹真正了解多少呢？
And what is that little flippy thing?
那个翘起来的又是什么？
Hey wingbats, Trace here for DNews.
小呆呆们大家好呀，我是Trace，欢迎大家收看本期DNews视频。
A Boeing 787 has over 2.3 million parts, and workers on the 747 have to drill 1,000,000 holes during its assembly.
一架波音787飞机有230多万个部件，而波音747的工人们在装配波音747的过程中要钻100万个孔。
AIRPLANES ARE COMPLICATED.
毕竟，飞机是很复杂的啊。
Aircraft companies are constantly working to update how they design and build these massive machines.
飞机制造商一直在不断升级他们的设计和制造技术。
They have to fly for decades, take off and land constantly (a 737 takes off somewhere on Earth every 2 seconds)
因为这些庞大的机器一飞就要飞几十年，而且要不断地起飞和降落(平均每2秒就有一架737在地球上的某个地方起飞)。
and of course, be smooth and comfy; that's important too.
当然了，还要保证飞机的平稳、舒适，这两点也很重要。
For me though, when I see an airplane I see an aerodynamic tube with wings hooked on the bottom. Simple.
但在我眼里，飞机就是底部挂了两个翅膀的一个空气动力学管，就是这么简单。
But, in reality…
但事实上…
"We put a lot of time and energy into make sure that the wing body goes on correctly and that there are zero defects."
“我们投入了大量的时间和精力，来确保机翼能够正常工作，确保零故障。”
That's Kay Keovongphet.
这位是凯·科翁菲特。
She is a supervisor at the Boeing 737 manufacturing factory in Renton, Washington.
她是华盛顿兰顿市的波音737工厂的主管。
"It's approximately a 12 hour process.
“差不多要12个小时。
The wing-body joint is the heartbeat of the final assembly
机翼-机身的连接是最后的装配环节的灵魂，
and if the wings don't get attached, the airplane doesn't move to the next flow day."
不装机翼，剩下的工作就没办法开展。”
This factory builds 42 airplanes every month-- that's more than one plane every day --
这家工厂一个月的生产量为42架飞机——也就是说，每天要生产不止1架——
but they still spend 12 hours to attach the wings to the fuselage -- that’s the place where you sit.
除了生产，他们还要花12个小时的时间将机翼组装到机身，也就是你坐的那个地方上去。
That's how solid they fit in there.
因为只有组装到那个位置才比较牢固。
Todd Gray, engineering team leader at Boeing's Renton factory is one of the people in charge of this process.
波音兰顿工厂工程团队负责人托德·格雷是负责这一过程的人员之一。
"They just slide into the center wing box.
“就直接把它们插到飞机中部的翼盒里。
Uh, and then are fastened with about uh, 1600 bolts."
然后用差不多1600个螺栓把它固定好。”
At this point, the two wings and the base of the airplane essentially become a single piece,
此时，飞机的两个机翼和机腹差不多就成为一体了，
with that fuselage riding on top of them!
机身则在它们的上方！
That's right, the wings aren't on the side of the plane, they're on the bottom.
没错，机翼并不安装在飞机侧面，而是安装在飞机腹部的。
And not only are they on the bottom, (called a low-wing) but they angle up slightly, called a "dihedral."
而且不仅要安装在飞机腹部（即“下单翼”），还会稍稍向上倾斜，这叫“上反角。”
Wings with a high dihedral make for a more inherently stable airplane.
机翼上反角较大的飞机内在稳定性更好。
Basically, if the pilot let go of the controls, inherently stable planes return to normal flight more easily.
而内在稳定性更好的飞机在飞行员停止操纵后更容易恢复到正常飞行状态。
But where to put the wings is more of a design thing --
但机翼的位置更多的是一个设计问题——
lower wings put engines and wings closer to maintenance,
机翼位置较低的飞机维修引擎和机翼更方便，
while high wings allow trucks to drive underneath, and the fuselage to be right on the ground to make it easy to load.
而机翼位置较高的飞机机翼下可通过卡车，机身正好位于地面上也方便了装载。
And while we're looking at that wing, think about its shape.
看机翼的时候，大家不妨观察观察它的形状。
Wings are designed in a few different configurations: Rectangular, Elliptical, Swept and Delta.
机翼可以设计成不同的形状：平直翼、椭圆翼、掠翼和三角翼。
According to NASA (the first A is for Aeronautical after all), the "go to" for powered jet flight is the SWEPT wing.
NASA(毕竟这个词的第一个A代表的就是“航空”)表示，喷气式飞机标准的翼型是掠形。
Swept wings have less drag and work better at high altitude, but need more power to lift the plane.
这种形状的机翼阻力更小，高空飞行时表现也更好，缺点是需要更大的动力才能让飞机飞起来。
The 737, like pretty much all commercial jets, use the swept-wing designs.
与其他商用飞机一样，波音737也采用了掠翼的设计。
Modern airplane wings are more or less like the wings from history;
现代飞机机翼的构成跟以前的机翼多多少少有些类似，
they have a backbone, called a spar, ribs and stringers to give them shape,
主体结构都是脊梁，也即所谓的“翼梁”，翼肋，桁条，
and control surfaces that change the shape of the wing to give it more lift or drag.
以及能够改变机翼外形，增大升力或阻力的操纵面。
Also stuffed in there are the fuel tanks!
除了这些，油箱也是塞在机翼这个位置的！
But, not all wings are created equal.
然而，机翼的各个部位并非是“生而平等”的。
When in flight, air is flowing around the wing beautifully -- except around the wingtip.
飞行时，整个机翼周围的气流流动都很顺畅——除了翼尖位置的气流。
The tip of the wing creates little vortices, pushing up and down on the end of those wing-- making it less efficient.
因为翼尖会产生小漩涡，对翼尖产生向上或向下的压力，进而降低机翼的动力效率。
So now, you'll see wings with this flipped-up wingtip, called a winglet, which keep the air pressing up on the wing!
所以，大家现在看到的翼尖是翘起来的，即所谓的“小翼”，以便空气对它产生持续向上的压力！
"They're really there for fuel efficiency,
“这一设计实际上是为了提高燃油效率，
so we get an extra few percent of fuel burn uh, on the airplane with that performance of the wing tip."
有了这样的翼尖，燃油的燃烧率就能再提高几个百分点。”
"With the amount of flights that these things fly, you know, in the amount of a month or a year uh, that adds up to big dollars."
“随着飞行里程的增加，一个月或一年下来，航空公司就能省一大笔钱。”
Since a quarter of all the airplanes in all of the fleets of the world are Boeing 737s,
由于全世界四分之一的客机都是波音737这一种机型，
engineers and mechanics have a huge amount of data on the stresses and safety of these airplanes.
工程师和机械师们便收集到了大量有关这些飞机的应力和安全性方面的数据。
And they're still improving!
今天，他们依然在继续改进机翼的设计！
They just started putting winglets on all the planes a few years ago!
而小翼这种设计也是几年前才开始实行的！
Thanks for watching DNews everybody, for more about Boeing and a century of innovation, check out TheAgeOfAerospace.com.
感谢大家收看本栏目的视频，想了解更多关于波音及波音一个世纪以来的创新的内容，请登录TheAgeOfAerospace.com。
And if you're curious about how a group of kids could come together and build an airplane from scratch watch this video.
如果你对一群孩子怎么从无到有造出了一架飞机感兴趣的话，请看这期视频。
Over the past few years, there has been a worldwide focus on STEM Education.
过去几年来，世界范围内都掀起了一股综合教育的热潮。
And nowhere is that more apparent than in the school' "Build a Plane" challenge,
格外引人注目的要数该校发起的“造飞机”挑战大赛，
where school kids come together to literally build an airplane, from scratch.
该校的学生竟然真的齐心协力，从无到有，造出了一架飞机！
Thanks for watching everybody!
再次感谢大家的收看！
Let us know down in the comments if you would ride in that airplane and subscribe so you get more DNews.
你愿意乘坐孩子们造的那架飞机吗？快在评论里告诉我们吧。还有，记得订阅，收看我们栏目的更多节目噢。
