评论
打印
Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin!
嘿！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
A post apocalyptic world can seem pretty cool in video games and movies, but it'd be a whole lot scarier in real life, especially if it had to do with nuclear warfare.
在视频游戏和电影中，世界末日后的世界似乎很酷，但在现实生活中却要可怕得多，特别是当它与核战争有关时。
I'm interested on what a nuclear blast would do to the human body, and hopefully we can learn why we should try and avoid such things in the future.
我对核爆炸对人体的影响很感兴趣，希望我们能明白为什么未来我们应该尽量避免这样的事情。
For starters, just what is a nuclear bomb? A nuclear bomb is a name generally given to a weapon. That explosion is the result of energy released by a reaction involving atomic nuclei.
首先，什么是核弹？原子弹是通常指一种武器。原子核反应释放能量造成原子弹爆炸。
This is typically done through fission, usually powered by uranium or plutonium, or fusion, which is more powerful and usually involves hydrogen.
这通常是通过铀或钚的裂变，或聚变实现，后者产生的能量更大，通常需要氢。
Fission supplies the main damaging power for atomic bombs, whereas fusion is involved for hydrogen bombs.
核裂变为原子弹提供了主要的破坏力，而氢弹则需要核聚变。
As such, both the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb are nuclear weapons.
因此，原子弹和氢弹都是核武器。
However, it's interesting to point out that fusion bombs can still use fission with regards to detonating or triggering the bomb.
然而，有趣的是，核聚变炸弹仍然可以使用裂变来引爆或触发炸弹。
So what could a nuclear blast do to the human body?
那么核爆炸会对人体造成什么影响呢？
Well, nuclear explosions can produce blasts of air similar to more conventional weapons.
核爆炸可以产生类似于传统武器的空气爆炸。
The blast can injure the human body through effects such as rupturing eardrums or lungs or by throwing people at dangerous speeds.
爆炸对人体的伤害包括导致耳鼓膜或肺部破裂，或将人炸飞。
Collapsing structures and flying debris caused by the blast can also lead to injury.
爆炸造成的建筑物倒塌和飞溅的碎片也可能导致伤害。
This can range anywhere from smaller scrapes and wounds to a person's bones being crushed. Death can occur if the damage is bad enough.
这种伤害包括很多种情况，小到擦伤和伤口，大到骨头被压碎。如果伤害足够严重，就会导致死亡。
Even if they don't die immediately, it can be possible for a person to be buried under rubble that they can't escape from.
即使没有立即死亡，也有可能被埋在碎石下，无法逃脱。
But a nuclear blast has another level of harm that can hurt the human body.
但核爆炸还有另一种程度的危害，可能会伤害人体。
Beyond the effects we just talked about, it can generate an intense pulse of thermal radiation that can burn people's skin and start fires.
除了我们刚才谈到的影响，它还能产生强烈的热辐射脉冲，灼伤人的皮肤并引发火灾。
It's typically worse the closer a person is to the center of the blast, with the possibility of their insides being roasted alive and their body even being incinerating if they were close enough.
一个人离爆炸中心越近，情况就越糟，如果离爆炸中心够近，他的内脏就有可能被活活烤焦，他的身体甚至会被烧成灰烬。
The blasts can also lead to more long term health consequences, such as cataracts, and aftereffects have been seen in cases like Hiroshima that involve problems like thyroid disease.
爆炸还可能导致更长期的健康后果，如白内障，在许多地方，比如广岛，我们也可以看到包括甲状腺疾病等后果。
Some also believe it can lead to birth defects. Nuclear blasts have yet another layer of harm that is both bad for the human body and the environment: fallout.
一些人还认为它会导致出生缺陷。核爆炸还有另一层危害，对人体和环境都有不利影响：核辐射尘降物。
What does nuclear fallout do to the human body? A big danger comes in the form of cancer and radiation.
核辐射尘降物对人体有什么影响？它会带来辐射，导致癌症。
When exposed to the radiation from nuclear fallout, it can cause a chemical change in a person's cells which can kill or make the cells abnormal.
暴露于核辐射尘埃的辐射下，会导致人体细胞发生化学变化，导致细胞死亡或异常。
If the cell's DNA is damaged, this can lead to cancer.
如果细胞的DNA受损，就会导致癌症。
Nuclear blasts can be very devastating, with significant short and long term consequences, so hopefully we can just keep our studies on nuclear weapons a history lesson.
核爆炸可能是毁灭性的，会造成重大的短期和长期后果，所以我们希望我们的核武器研究能成为历史。
Let me know in the comment section below what we should talk about next.
在下面的评论部分告诉我们接下来应该讨论什么。
And If you enjoyed this video, then you're definitely gonna wanna check out the video we did over on Play Noggin about whether or not you could survive a nuclear fallout.
如果你喜欢这个视频，那么你一定会想看看我们在Play Noggin做的关于你是否能在核辐射尘降物中幸存的视频。
Using this system, the most powerful weapons in the United States' current arsenal can unleash the equivalent of 1.2 million tons or megatons of TNT.
使用这个系统，美国现有武器库中最强大的武器可以释放相当于120万吨TNT当量的能量。
That's 75 times more energy than the first atomic weapons.
这是第一批原子武器的75倍。
As always, my name is Blocko! This has been Life Noggin! Don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高，这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想！思考不要停！
