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Hey there, welcome to Life Noggin!
大家好！欢迎来到脑洞大开的生命奇想！
Imagine getting covered in all these painful, super itchy, red welts every time you drank water, worked out, walked in the rain, or took a shower.
想象一下，每当你喝完水、锻炼身体、淋雨或洗澡时，你的身上会出现这些红色的伤痕，又疼又痒。
Unfortunately, this is reality for people with an extremely rare allergy to water called aquagenic urticaria.
不幸的是，对于那些水源性荨麻疹（一种罕见的水过敏）患者来说，这是真的。
Since water is literally everywhere, it's said to have one of the most detrimental impacts on a person's quality of life of any skin condition.
由于水几乎无处不在，据说无论是什么样的皮肤状况，这种过敏都对人的生活质量产生最不利的影响。
For people with this allergy to water, coming into contact with it induces horrible rashes in as little as 15 seconds.
对水过敏的人，接触到水后，会在短短15秒内出现可怕的皮疹。
Typically it's water-on-skin contact that causes the hives to erupt, but some people can't even drink it.
通常情况下，皮肤与水接触会导致荨麻疹爆发，但有些人甚至不能喝水。
They opt for things like milk or diet soda and avoid water, juices, teas, and coffees to keep their skin hive-free.
他们喜欢喝牛奶或无糖汽水，不喝水、果汁、茶和咖啡，以避免皮肤出现皮疹。
While you obviously can't avoid an element that covers 70% of the planet and falls from the sky, people with aquagenic urticaria have to take some serious precautions when carrying out basic everyday tasks.
虽然你显然无法避免这种覆盖了地球70%、从天上掉下来的东西，但患水源性荨麻疹的人在进行基本的日常活动时，必须采取一些严格的预防措施。
Like washing their hands for example. They often opt for hand sanitizer and wipes to avoid running water.
比如洗手。他们经常选择洗手液和湿巾，避免接触流水。
Exercise kinda gets thrown out the window because of sweat. And some people need to bathe in water mixed with baking soda to avoid a reaction.
运动因为会出汗，不在他们的日常活动计划中。有些人洗澡需要在水里加小苏打，以避免反应。
Even crying is said to be painful. It doesn't matter how hot or cold the water is or where it came from, any and all water prompts these symptoms.
对他们来说，甚至哭也是痛苦的。不管水有多热或多冷或者从哪里来，所有的水都会引发这些症状。
The hives that come with this condition can be really itchy and really painful.
这种情况下的荨麻疹会很痒，很疼。
And the rash can develop anywhere on the body, but typically, it will show up on the person's neck, arms, or torso.
皮疹可以在身体的任何部位出现，但通常会出现在人的颈部、手臂或躯干上。
Rather than sticking around for days like many rashes do, this one subsides after about 30 to 60 minutes.
这种皮疹不像很多皮疹那样停留好几天，它在30到60分钟后就会消退。
It's believed that these rashes appear due to a release of histamine from immune cells in the skin called mast cells.
有人认为，这些皮疹出现是由于皮肤中的免疫细胞，即肥大细胞，释放出组胺。
This histamine then interacts with "itch neurons" which prompt that scratchy feeling. But other than that, not much is known about how it works in the body.
这种组胺与“瘙痒神经元”相互作用，从而引发瘙痒感。但除此之外，我们对它在人体中的作用知之甚少。
Less than 100 cases have been documented, according to a 2011 paper, and that makes it really hard to study.
2011年的一篇论文认为，记录在案的病例不到100例，这使得研究变得非常困难。
Some believe it may be due to additives in the water, but since the welts will appear after contact with even the most purified water, many don't think this is the culprit.
一些人认为这可能是由于水中的添加剂造成的，但由于接触到最纯净的水之后这些伤痕仍会出现，许多人认为添加剂并不是罪魁祸首。
Others think it may be due to a weird interaction between the water and an unknown component in the outer layer of their skin.
另一些人认为这可能是由于水和皮肤外层一个未知成分之间的奇怪的相互作用。
It's suggested that this then creates a toxin in the body, but scientists just aren't in agreement on a cause just yet.
有人认为这将在体内产生一种毒素，但科学家们目前还没有就原因达成一致。
This incredibly rare condition is very poorly understood and treatments for it are few and far between. However, there are some things that've brought people relief.
这种极其罕见的疾病我们知之甚少，治疗方法也非常有限。然而，有些事情总能给人安慰。
While UV rays typically aren't great for humans, there's a procedure called phototherapy that involves beaming UV rays directly onto the skin, and that's been pretty effective.
虽然紫外线对人类来说并不是很好，但是有一种叫做光疗法的方法可以直接将紫外线照射到皮肤上，也是非常有效的疗法。
Some doctors prescribe medications called SSRIs that are usually used for depression. And often basic treatments like steroids and histamines are suggested.
有些医生开的药叫做五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂，通常用于治疗抑郁症。医生通常也会建议基本的治疗方法，如类固醇和组胺。
Science is advancing more and more everyday and hopefully soon they'll have an answer as to why this very confusing condition comes around.
科学每天都在进步，希望很快他们就能知道为什么会出现这种令人困惑的情况。
Is there another condition that you want us to talk about? Let us know now in the comments section below!
你们还有没有别的想让我们讨论的情况？请在下面的评论区告诉我们！
Don't forget to subscribe and hit that bell button so you never miss out on a new video!
别忘了订阅并点击那个小铃铛，这样你就不会错过视频更新了！
Curious to know what happens to your body when you have an allergic reaction? Check out this video.
想知道出现过敏反应时你的身体会发生什么吗？看看这个视频。
However, increased permeability doesn't just let white blood cells in.
然而，渗透率的提高并不只是让白细胞进入。
It also lets fluids out, causing the watery eyes and runny nose that you know and love. I'm not crying, I swear. It's just allergies.
它也会让液体流出来，导致你常看到的流泪流鼻涕。我发誓，我没有哭。只是过敏。
As always, my name is Blocko, this has been Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking!
我是宝高。这里是脑洞大开的生命奇想。思考不要停！
