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This is Everyday Grammar. I'm Kaveh.
欢迎收看《每日语法》栏目，我是卡维。
And I'm Lucija. Kaveh, I know we talked about this subject before, but I still don't quite get it.
我是露西佳。卡维，我知道我们之前讨论过这个话题，但我还是不太明白。
Get what? Well, it's not that hard to explain.
明白什么？哦，它不难解释。
I mean I already know about it, but sometimes finding examples is a bit hard.
我的意思是我已经了解它了，但有时找例子有点儿难。
Ok, what is it?
好了，它到底是什么？
It is an interesting topic, and we should have enough time to go over it.
它是个有趣的话题，我们应该有足够的时间来复习它。
Would you tell already?
你能说了吗？
Antecedents! I was thinking of talking about Antecedents.
先行词！我在考虑讨论先行词。
An Antecedent is just a word or phrase that comes before another word.
先行词是在另一个词之前出现的一个单词或短语。
It's typically the noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to.
它通常是代词所指的名词或名词短语。
Mark hurt his ankle.
马克伤了他的脚踝。
We use Antecedents to avoid repeating nouns.
我们使用先行词来避免重复名词。
The Brady kids are graduating and they are throwing a party.
布雷迪的孩子们毕业了，他们正在办派对。
So if I say, when you give candy to children, give them what they like.
所以如果我说，当你给孩子糖果时，给他们喜欢的糖果。
The antecedent would be "children", and "them" and "they" are pronouns.
其中的先行词是“children”，“them”和“they”是代词。
You got it! And remember, even though the word Antecedents means "to go before" in Latin,
你明白了！记住，即使单词“Antecedents”在拉丁语中的意思是“走在什么之前”，
sometimes it doesn't appear before its pronoun.
但它有时不会在代词之前出现。
When you see him, tell the teacher I'll be 10 minutes late for the class.
你见到老师时，告诉他我上课迟到10分钟。
I see how Antecedents are important.
我明白先行词多么重要。
It makes sentences clear for listeners and readers.
它能让听众和读者明白句子的内容。
I'm sure it improves writing as well.
我相信它也能改善写作。
It does! But be careful of using unclear Antecedents,
它确实能！但要注意不要使用不清楚的先行词，
like in the sentences: Mary helped Michelle, but she wasn't happy about it.
比如这句话中：玛丽帮助了米歇尔，但她对此并不满意。
In this example, we don't know who "she" is.
在这个例子中，我们不知道“she”是指谁。
So this is a good example of an unclear antecedent.
这是个不清楚先行词的好例子。
