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Segment 21a. "Introduction".
第21段第一部分 "简介"
It's instructive to compare the United States' birth in 1776 with the 1917 birth of the Soviet Union.
将1776年的美国建国同1917年的苏联建国进行比对引人思考
Like the founding fathers of the US, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and the Bolsheviks wanted to create an entirely new form of government
同美国的开国元勋一样，弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·列宁和布尔什维克党希望
based on lofty ideals such as equality, personal liberty and the rule of law.
能在平等个人自由和法治等崇高理念的基础上创立一个全新的政府形式
Like the infant US the new Soviet Union was forced to fight very hard for its very existence and it came close to losing more than once.
同刚刚建国的美国一样，新生的苏联被迫为它的存活艰苦斗争，不止一次地，它濒临失败边缘
But that is where the similarities end.
不过相同点就到此为止了
As we will discover is segment 21b, "Democracy Fails",
我们接下来会讨论21段第二部分：“民主失败”
The promise of Russia's February revolution was destroyed by the Russian lack of any democratic tradition.
俄国二月革命的承诺毁于俄国缺乏民主传统
The Tsarist government was succeeded by two bodies which competed for power,
沙皇政府的继任者是两个互相争夺权力的机构
the provisional government which had sprung out of the Duma and the Petrograd Soviet which represented the workers and the soldiers of Russia.
由杜马产生的临时政府和彼得格勒苏维埃，它代表着俄罗斯的工人和士兵
The various non-Russian nationalities such as Ukrainians, the Balts, Georgians, Finland, Finnish and Poles, wanted out of the Russian empire for good.
各种各样的非俄罗斯民族如乌克兰人，波罗的海沿岸各民族，格鲁吉亚人，芬兰和波兰人，都想要永远离开俄罗斯帝国
The great majority of the Russian empire's peoples wanted merely to eat and to have a warm place to live.
俄国帝国的大多数民族想要的仅仅是食物和温暖的居身之所
