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As you deviate from 7 hours
当睡眠时间偏离7小时时
mortality rate goes up
死亡率就会上升
and this pattern is generally seen across studies
这一结论得到了很多研究的支持
across continents, across cohorts
不同大洲 不同人群都显示出这样的特点
So here is a box
这里有一个方框
A lot of people might put sleep deficiency in the box
很多人会把睡眠不足放入方框中
I'm still not quite so on sleep deficiency
我觉得睡眠不足是不够的
so I'm a little wordy here
所以我在这里多写了些内容
So I've got insufficient or excessive sleep duration
我写的是 睡眠时间不足或过长
and/or inadequate sleep quality
睡眠质量不足
Often they go together
这两方面通常同时出现
leading to something which leads to mortality
导致死亡率发生变化
So the question is what is that
所以问题在于是什么因素造成了死亡率的变化
So the most obvious answer
最明显的答案是
is some adverse health outcomes of poor sleep
睡眠质量较差会引发不良健康后果
that is leading to mortality
从而导致死亡率的上升
So what are these adverse health outcomes?
那么不良健康后果是什么呢?
I would purport that here pretty well summaries
我认为这里的信息很好的总结了
what we know about potential adverse outcomes associate with sleep
我们所知的与睡眠相关的不良健康后果
I highlight obesity, waking
我要强调的是肥胖症 苏醒
so that's the main reasons here
这些都是主要原因
And also notice that each of these boxes
注意到这里的每个方框
they are not separate boxes with arrows
都不是用箭头连接的独立方框
they are all within one big box
它们都属于一个更大的方框
because if I have to draw all the arrows
因为如果我要用箭头来表示
in terms of how all these things connected with each other
方框之间的相互关系
we would have arrow salad
那么这里就全是箭头了
But the point is
关键问题在于
that sleep is associated with these outcomes
睡眠会造成一些后果
that are important for cardiometabolic disease
而这些后果对心血管代谢疾病有重大影响
So you have sleep duration and sleep disturbance
有睡眠长短和睡眠的中断
So here is some data from
这是CDC开展的
the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System conducted by CDC
行为风险因素监控系统得到的数据
They asked questions of very very vague questions
他们向人们提到问题非常的含糊
about sleep disturbance
内容涉及睡眠的中断情况
where how many nights do you have difficulty falling asleep
有几个晚上感觉难以入睡
or staying asleep or sleeping too much
或者睡眠时间过长
any kind of sleep problem
内容涉及任何和睡眠障碍相关的问题
